BB视讯官网

bianzhean

BB视讯官网xinguanyiqingquanqiubaofa，zeit onlinechengweiouzhouzhexuejiafabiaoguandianderedianmeiti，deguozhexuejia、yitichu“jixingkexue（technoscience）”lilunzhuchengdeaerfuleide·nuodemanzaigaiwangzhanfabiao“womenkeyitongguochuangzaolilaizhanshengxinguanyiqing”“nimendouzhixiangdangyigegexiaodianma”liangpianwenzhang，tichuyigongminqudong（citizendriven）dekejizhiguomoshilaiyingduiyiqingdeguandian。kejizhiguodezhuzhishiyikexueyuanlihejishufangfalaiyunxingshehui，youqiqiangdiaokexuedizhilishehuigonggongshiwu。

BB视讯官网4yuezhongxunkaishi，nuodemanyaoqingzhongguorenmindaxuezhexueyuanjiaoshouliuyongmouhemeiguozhexuejia、spt（jishuzhexuexuehui）shourenzhuxikaer·miqiemuyiyoujianxingshi，duikangyizhongbutongdekejizhiguomoshijinxingbijiaoxingtaolun。benbaoxiankandengsanrentaolundehexinguandian，benwenyouliuyongmouyichengzhongwen。

BB视讯官网gongminqudongdekejizhiguomoshi

aerfuleide·nuodeman

deguodamushitategongyedaxuejiaoshou

zhongguoheoumeiyingduiyiqingfangshidezhuyaobutongzaiyu: zhongguodemubiaoshinuligenchubingdu，eroumeibaokuodeguodemubiaojinjinshi“rangquxianbianping”，jinulikongzhibingdudechuanransudu，bimianbushoukongzhideganranjizengshideyiliaoxitongbengkui。xifangrenkaolvdebushibixu“ganzou”bingdu，ershiyubingdugongtongshenghuo，dantadechongjiyingkongzhizaigonggongyiliaoxitongfuzaiyunxudefanweizhinei。yidalidexitongchaozaile，erdeguokongzhidehenhao。yimiaoyanfaxuyaohenzhangshijian，bunengyincirangshehuishenghuo“tingbai”。deguokangyidehexinwentishi: ruhenengzaibu“tingbai”shehuishenghuodeqingkuangxiayubingdugongcun。

BB视讯官网xinguanfeiyanquanqiubaofa，rangwomenchuyu“zhenshishijieshiyan”zhizhong。shiyantongchangzaishiyanshidefengbikongjianneijinxing，zaishoukongdetiaojianxiashishiyoumudedeganyu。zhenshishijieshiyanfashengzaishehuizhong，kaishiyuyiwaidetufashijian。cunzailiangzhongbutongtaidu: yizhongshibaxinguanfeiyandangzuo“dahaoliugan”laijiandanduidai，lingyizhongshixunsuzhixingyigeliweihexindekejizhiguocuoshi。zhongguochuqicaiqudeyangegelicuoshi，zaiouzhoubukenengwanquanfuzhi。deguoyecaiquleyixieyouxiaodekejizhiguocuoshi，tongshinuliweichimokeerzonglisuochengde“shehuituanjie”。

BB视讯官网raner，womenkandaodekejizhiguomoshidoushi“zhengfuqudong”（government-driven）de，zaioumeiguojiazhaozhigongzhongbutongchengdudefandui，renmendanxinzhengfuquanliyuejie。youmeiyouqitadekexuanfanganni？dangjinkejifada，shehuijishuzhangzufazhan，“gongminqudong”dekejizhiguoluxianshikenengshixiande。

BB视讯官网jinrideguojingjishilixionghou，fuyouchuangzaoli，erqieyishuzihua，minzhongjubeibushaoxiangguankexuezhishi，renrenjunkechangshifahuigerenchuangzaolilaikangjiyiqing。youqishikeyitongguo“gongminkexue”（citizen science）defangshi，dajiafenxiang、huijuhegaijinkangyizhishi，zhudongyunyongzheixiezhishilaiyingduibingdu。zuijin，deguozhengfuzhengjikangyibanfa，48xiaoshineichaoguo28000mingcanyuzhetijiaolechaoguo1500gexiangfa，mingwei“womenduibingdu”deheikexiangmuchuangjianlexinguanyiqingzhuizongchengxu。

BB视讯官网henduodeguorenyong“gongminkexue”zhishilai“ziwo”yingduibingdu，biruzizhikouzhao、ladacanzhuojuli、cantingbixuyuding，dengdeng。cileishehuijishushigongminzifachuangzaohetuiguangde，xuyaominzhongcanyu（changchangyunyongxinxihewangluojishu）chuangzaoheshijian，erbushiyouzhengfuqiangzhishixing，shuyuxiangguankejizhishidelixingyingyong，binggenjudangdiqingkuangdashangxianmingdedifangxingluoyin。gongminqudongmoshishixiandebushimokeershide“xiaojituanjie”，ershi“jijituanjie”，linrenmenbushibeiwanquanzhaizaijiali，ershijinshendizouchujiamen，baochibiyaojulidigongtongshenghuo。

BB视讯官网zaigongminqudongmoshizhong，womenbuzaishirenkoujishuzhongdetongjishuzi，huozhemangmuerbeidongruqitifenzibanzaluanyundongde“xiaodian”，erchengweinengdongxingbeijifade、xunlianyousudeziwozhilizhe，keyizizhusikaobingqiechengdanzeren。

BB视讯官网zhengfuqudongdekejizhiguomoshi

liuyongmou

zhongguorenmindaxuezhexueyuanjiaoshou

BB视讯官网zaiyidingjieduan，cunzai“genchubingdu”he“lapingquxian”liangtiaoyingduiluxian。zhangyuanlaikan，zhongguoyeyaoyubingdu“hepinggongchu”。danshi，texiaoyaowuheyimiaoyanfachulaihou，cainengzhenzhengshixian“butingzhigonggongshenghuodeqingkuangxiayubingdugongcun”。zaizheizhiqian，ruguochuxiandaguimosiwang、yiliaoxitongbengkui、shehuidongdang、jiduanshili，nengshixianhepinggongcunma？zheiyangdeqingkuangyoukenengzaimouxieqianfadaguojiachuxian。

zaimouzhongyiyishang，kangyizhiyouyitiaoluxian: zaitexiaoyaoheyimiaoyanfachulaizhiqian，zuidaxiandujianshaobingduduishehuideshanghai，baokuoshengming、jingji、xinlihezhixudenggefangmiandeshanghai。gegeguojiagenjubutongguoqing，caiqubutongfangfashixianshangshumubiao。suizheduibingdulejiezengduo，geguobuduandiaozhengyingduifangfa。

oumeiyouzijideguoqing: gerenzhuyi、ziyouzhuyishengxing，henduorenyuanyizixingdanze，buxiwangzhengfuguoduoganshe；zuijin30nian，fankexuesichaozaixifangshengxing，gongzhongbuxinrenkexuejishuhezhuanjia；renminpubianchuxuhenshao，duiguojia、zhengfuhejinjizhuangtaidebuxinren，dengdeng。zheixiejuedingoumeizhengfuwufacaiqulixiangzhongdeyangegelicuoshi。

BB视讯官网ruhejiangkejizhiguoyuouzhouguoqingjianrong？nuodemantichukejizhiguodegongminqudongmoshizhideguanzhu。youxiaoshishinuodemanmoshi，xuyaoguominjuyouhengaodekexuesuyang、jiaoyushuipinghezizhinengli。guominsuzhiqingkuangbutong，shishixiaoguobuyiyang。zaipubiankexuesuyangyoudaitigaodeqingkuangxia，gongzhongbixuyaotingquzhuanjiayijian，bunengmangmuxingdong。

BB视讯官网zuoweiyiqingxianfadi，yikaishiduixinbingduhenwuzhi，xuanze2003nianfeidianyiqingleisiyingduimoshihenzhengchang，jiangcovid-19shiweileisisarserfei“dahaoliugan”henziran。zhengfubarenmindeshengmingjiankangfangzaidiyiwei，zhongguochuantongyeyou“renmingguantian”deguandian。zhongguoyiqingyingduichengxiaoyoumugongdu，yeshigenjuguoqingzuochuxuanzedejieguo。

zaizhongguo，kexuehezhuanjiadeweizhijiaogao，fankexuesichaobuliuxing。zaizuojueceqian，zhengfuduikexuejiayijianjiyuzugouzhongshi。buguo，zhengfuqudongdekejizhiguomoshizaizhongguoqudechenggong，zuiguanjiandeshishehuigelishishidehao，zheiguigongyuzhengfuqiangdadedongyuannengli。zhongguochenggonggelihubei，quanguojieduanxing“tingbai”，ranhoujuquanguoyiliaoziyuanbangzhuhubei。

BB视讯官网zhengfuqudongdejishuzhilimoshixianranshigenggaoxiaode，danyexuyaoyixiegengzhouquandekaoliang，ruzuohaoyushehuishequnjiandegoutongyuxiediao、jiangkejishouduanzhiyushehuijianduzhixia、duizhuanjiajinxinglunlihezerenjiaoyu，dengdeng。tongqitaguojiayiyang，shoujizhuizong、“jiankangma”dengwenti，yeyinqileguangfanguanzhu。zheibingfeishenmexinjishucuoshi，yiqingrangyinsiquanbaohuwentibaoludegengmingxian。

BB视讯官网quanqiuwenyibixuyaoquanqiugongtongyingdui，guanqimenlai“dushanqishen”bukeneng。ruguoyinduhefeizhouyiqingdabaofa，qitaguojiabuyingxiushoupangguan，fouzekendinghuirangqitaguojiayiqingsihuifuran。

BB视讯官网meiyoukejizhiguoyueshudefanzhimoshi

kaer·miqiemu

meiguokeluoladuokuangyedaxuejiaoshou

meiguodeyiqingyingduihennanlijie，youqishitelangpuzongtongdeyanxing，henduorenhuijuedefeiyisuosi。suiranxiandejiduan，dantadefanyingbingbuhenqiguai。shijishang，tazaihendachengdushangdaibiaomeiguoshehuidezhuliu，dedaoledayue35%dao45%degongzhongzhichilv，zheishibijiaogaode。

yaolijiemeiguodeyiqingyingdui，jiuyaolejietazhangqidefanzhichuantong。meiguoshishubainianqianduobijiaxianggaoyatongzhideouzhouren“renwei”chuanglide，youqimengsixiangjiamianqiangjianggezhimindipincouzaiyiqi，lifabaohubairendegerenziyou，quejujuejituzhuyindianrenheheirennulitongyangdequanli。liguozheshenzhimeiguodecuiruo，shejileyizhongyoukejizhiguoyueshudemeishiminzhuzhidu: biaodaputongminzhongsuqiudezhongyiyuan，youjingyingzhidecanyiyuanzhiheng，haiyaoyuguizushixuanjuchulaidemeiguozongtongjingzheng，zaijiashangbandulidesifajigou，zuihouchengweiluoweiermiaoshude“yijiaxianyaozijidongqilaidejiqi”。

1828nian，telangpuzuixihuandejiekexunzongtongdangxuan，liguoshidekejizhiguozhixukaishibei“mosun”，shoudaogerenzhuyihetuohuangzhe、niuziwenhuasuoguyoudefanzhizhuyidechongji。yikaishi，meiguojiuxiangshixian“hezhongweiyi”（e pluribus unum），kezhijinmeiyouwanquanshixian，neizhanzhihouyuwailaiyimindexianxishizhixueshangjiashuang。jijindeziyouzhuyizhexuanchengzhiyougeren，shehuizhishiyizhongfudaixianxiang。luosifu“xinzheng”huanheleduijingyinghezhuanjiadehuaiyi，danjiduandefanzhizhuyihegerenzhuyizaimeiguoyijiufeichangshengxing。

BB视讯官网meiguorenmeiyoucongbingdushouzhongbaohushehuidegongshi。ziyouzhuyizhebaohudeshixingjisuoyuandegerenquanli。chixiangfanguandianderenyeyou，yikejizhishizhichengzijidelichang，dedaodezhichiheliliangjiuhenbugou——yaozhidao，35%demeiguorenbuxiangxinjinhualun，jin25%demeiguorenchengrenqihoubianhua。feizhuanyerenshihennanlijiexinkejidejinzhan，zheijimeiguorendezhengzhishenghuodailaijudatiaozhan。

BB视讯官网bushaomeiguominzhongfanduizhuanjiajianyi，kangyishejiaogelihejujiafaling，yaoqiuzhongkaijingjihegonggongshenghuo，gaohugemingniandaidekouhao，biru“buyaoqifuwo”“rangwoziyou，huozherangwosi”，yiji“womenyouquanjuedingruhebaohuziji。rangweiquanzhuyizhengfugunkai”，dengdeng。zhuanjiarongyiqingshitelangpu，dantashimajiyaweilishidedashi，buxuyaozhuanjiashixianxiaolv，zhixuzaituiteshanghuyingshangshuyaoqiu——zaituiteshanggaohan“jiefangmixiegen”“jiefangmingnisuda”“jiefangfujiniya”。bushaomeiguorenmixingerenziyou，zheixianzhilegongminqudongdekejizhiguocuoshizaimeiguodeshixing。

BB视讯官网ziyouzhuyizaimeiguodaozhiduizhuanjiahekexuejiagongtongtidehuaiyi。yixiemeiguokexuejiashenzhibeizhizebuzhongpanguo，bushizhenzhengdemeiguoren。yinci，youdekexuejiabudebuxiangluohouditou，yizhengmingzijide“meiguoxing”，danzuoyongbuda，youshihoubeigaodehengankai: “womenhenzhongcheng，youyouyong，zhidejiwomenzengjiayanjiujingfei”。guanzhuangbingduyanjiuyaoqiujiaqiangkexuejiazhijiandeguojihezuo，zheihuirangzixuwei“zhenzhengmeiguoren”derenjuedezhuanjiazailianheqilaiduifutamen。

mianduiquanqiuyiqingbaofa，wohenhuaiyishifouzhenhuiyouyouxiaodeguojihuoquanqiuxinghezuohexiezuo，youqishifadaguojiashifouhuibangzhubufadaguojia。ouzhoushenzhibunengxianghubangzhu。erduiyuguoneimouxiezhoubangzhuqitazhoudexingdong，yixiemeiguorenzongshihenmaodun，shenzhibibangzhulinjindeqitameizhouguojiagengmaodun，zheizhongtaidukeyizhuisudaojianguoqian13gezhimindizhijiandechongtu。jishiduiwaiyuanzhudelianbangyusuanshuliangyizhihenshao，qirengranzaodaomeiguogongzhongdechixufandui。mouzhongkejizhiguofangmiandequanqiuxingdexiezuohehezuocongweirucibeixuyaoguo，danxiwangmiaomang。

转载自: 《中国科学报》（2019-05-14第5版  文化周刊）